Long-term proton pump inhibitors linked to B12 and folate deficiency
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People who take proton pump inhibitors for more than a year may develop serious deficiencies in vitamin B12 and folate. These deficiencies can cause anemia and other health problems that mimic other conditions. If you take these acid-reflux medications long-term, talk to your doctor about monitoring your vitamin levels.
Proton pump inhibitors are common medications that reduce stomach acid to treat heartburn and acid reflux. Millions of people take them daily to manage these conditions. However, new research shows that long-term use of these drugs carries an overlooked risk.
Researchers found that people who take proton pump inhibitors for more than a year often develop deficiencies in vitamin B12 and folate. These vitamins are important for making red blood cells and supporting nerve function. When levels drop too low, patients can develop anemia and experience fatigue, weakness, and other symptoms that doctors might mistake for different health problems.
The issue happens because these medications reduce stomach acid, which the body needs to absorb B12 and folate from food. The longer someone takes proton pump inhibitors, the greater their risk of developing these deficiencies. People who've been on these drugs for extended periods are most vulnerable.
If you take a proton pump inhibitor regularly, talk with your doctor about your individual risk. They can order blood tests to check your B12 and folate levels. Your doctor might recommend vitamin supplements, eating more B12 and folate-rich foods, or adjusting your medication if you've been taking it longer than recommended. Don't stop taking your medication without medical advice, but do bring this concern up at your next appointment.
What you can doAI-generated
- ✓Ask your doctor to order blood tests for B12 and folate levels at your next appointment if you've been on proton pump inhibitors for over a year.
- ✓Talk to your doctor about whether you still need the proton pump inhibitor or if a lower dose would control your acid reflux without the deficiency risk.
- ✓Eat more B12-rich foods like eggs, salmon, and chicken or take a B12 supplement alongside your proton pump inhibitor if your doctor recommends it.
- ✓Read the label on your proton pump inhibitor to confirm how long you've been taking it, then flag that duration with your doctor so they can assess your deficiency risk properly.
Always consult a healthcare professional for personal medical advice.
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